Blackmail- ‘attempted murder of the soul’
A new series on Netflix, ‘The Stranger’, is receiving rave reviews. Viewers have been keen to discover the secret being kept from lawyer Adam Price as he searches for his missing wife.
There are many sub-plots along the way that involve the blackmail of several individuals keen to suppress unsavoury stories that could otherwise make their way into the public domain.
What is ‘blackmail’?
Section 21 of the Theft Act 1968 defines the offence in the following terms:
“A person is guilty of blackmail if, with a view to gain for himself or another or with intent to cause loss to another, he makes any unwarranted demand with menaces; and for this purpose a demand with menaces is unwarranted unless the person making it does so in the belief:
(a) that he has reasonable grounds for making the demand; and
(b) that the use of the menaces is a proper means of reinforcing the demand.
The nature of the act or omission demanded is immaterial, and it is also immaterial whether the menaces relate to action to be taken by the person making the demand.”
In almost all instances the offence involves a threat to reveal information known about a person unless that person, or another on their behalf, pay to keep it a secret.
What is the penalty for blackmail?
The offence carries up to 14 years imprisonment. As a result it is one of the most serious crimes on the statute book.
In Hadjou 11 Cr App R (S) 29 the offence was described as one of the ugliest and most vicious criminal offences, akin to “…attempted murder of the soul”.
These are some examples of the general approach to sentencing:
Mincher [2016] EWCA Crim 1528
A sentence of two years imprisonment had been passed, suspended for two years. This was judged to be unduly lenient and replaced with five years imprisonment.
In this case the defendant had threatened the victim that if he did not give her the money she wanted, she would tell the police that he raped her. The defendant took in total £40,000 from the victim and was described as a socially awkward and vulnerable man.
The court held:
“Blackmail [is] one of the most serious and vicious offences in the criminal calendar. The authorities suggest that threats to disclose discreditable conduct, whether that conduct occurred or not, are to be taken even more seriously because the injury done to the victim “tends to be enduring fear, ever present anxiety and fear of discovery which gnaws away at the victim for long periods”.”
MJC [2015] EWCA Crim 1519
Here, a sentence of two years imprisonment was reduced to eight months on appeal. The defendant was a 33-year-old married man of good character. His wife’s 14-year-old sister became involved in an exchange of sexually explicit images with a 16-year-old boy, the victim. The defendant, aware of the pictures, threatened to report the complainant to the police unless he was paid £75.
The court held:
“In the present case, it is evident that there was no sophistication or premeditation in the blackmail. However, for a mature man to make the kind of threats he did to a misguided young man, as the appellant did in this case, albeit over a limited period of time, was plainly deeply unpleasant.”
These cases show that while there may be a wide variation in sentencing, the result will be very much fact specific. No case has the status of a sentencing guideline, but in almost all cases a sentence of imprisonment will result.
Contact a criminal law specialist
Blackmail will always be treated as a serious matter.
If you are arrested or know that the police wish to speak to you about an allegation involving blackmail, make sure you insist on your right to free and independent legal advice.
The advantages of such early advice legal advice can be found here.
If you have already been interviewed or face court proceedings we can still make a real difference to the outcome of your case.
Legal aid may well be available to fund your defence at court.
We have offices across the East Midlands and will happily travel across the country to provide representation for all football related offences.
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